Proxy relationship

Iraq sentences militia member for kidnapping American journalist, in rare move against Iran proxies

“Iraq's Central Criminal Court has sentenced Amir Rahim Jabar Lazim to 15 years in prison under the Anti-Terrorism Law," read the announcement shared by the victim, journalist Shelly Kittelson.

Youths ride vehicles while waving flags of Iraq, Iran, Lebanon and Hezbollah in Baghdad on June 15, 2026, during celebrations following the announcement of a deal to end the war between Iran and the US.
Iraqi Prime Minister-designate Ali al-Zaidi speaks during a parliamentary session to vote in a new government headed by Ali al-Zaidi as prime minister, at the parliament headquarters in Baghdad, Iraq, May 14, 2026.

Iraq appears to delay militia disarmament as Iran-backed factions pressure Baghdad - analysis

Iranian Shi'ite pilgrims walk along a road to enter Iraq through the Shalamcheh border crossing between Iran and Iraq to make their way to the holy city of Karbala to attend the Arbaeen pilgrimage, following US strikes on the Iranian side of the border crossing, in Basra, Iraq, July 23, 2026.

Iran plans to weaken Kurdish forces in Iraq to prevent disarmament of militias - analysis

A member of Houthi security forces mans a machine gun mounted on the back of a patrol vehicle at the site of an anti-Saudi rally amid an escalation with the kingdom in Sanaa, Yemen, last month.

Are the Houthis Iran’s last gaming card? – opinion


Iraqi police, paramilitary fighters clash outside government building in Baghdad

The clash broke out in Baghdad's Karkh district after a group of fighters from the Popular Mobilisation Forces (PMF) stormed a government building.

Members of Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) attend a symbolic funeral of fellow members of PMF who were killed by U.S. air strikes on the Syria-Iraq border, in Baghdad, Iraq, June 29, 2021.

US-backed Yemeni forces intercept weapons shipment from Iran to Houthis, CENTCOM says

Yemeni National Resistance Forces (NRF) intercepted an Iranian arms shipment containing 750 tons of munitions and hardware, said CENTCOM on Wednesday.

 Eternity C cargo ship; illustrative

Iran, China, and Russia behind life-threatening operations in UK, British police say

Two senior British police officers warned that Russia, Iran, and China are behind a growing number of life-threatening operations in Britain.

British police officers stand watch at crime scene

Houthis threaten US ships in Red Sea if Trump joins Israel's Iran strikes

The US president has been unclear on whether or not he will decide to strike Iran after nuclear talks between Washington and Tehran reached an impasse.

Houthi supporters burn Israeli and US flags in solidarity with Palestinians and Iran, in Sanaa, Yemen June 20, 2025

Iran scales back its support of proxies to focus on Trump's threat, Iranian officials say - report

Iran reportedly ordered its military personnel to leave Yemen to avoid a confrontation with the US as it continues attacking Houthi assets. 

 A ship fires missiles at an undisclosed location, after US President Donald Trump launched military strikes against Yemen's Iran-aligned Houthis on Saturday over the group's attacks against Red Sea shipping, in this screengrab obtained from a handout video released on March 15, 2025.

US gov't offers $15 million reward for providing crucial Houthi tips

On Monday, the US carried out targeted strikes against the Houthis in Yemen’s capital city, Sana’a, including sites such as the Al-Habashi Iron Factory and areas south of the presidential compound. 

 US President Donald Trump in front of a background of newly recruited fighters who joined a Houthi military force intended to be sent to fight in support of the Palestinians in the Gaza Strip, march during a parade in Sanaa, Yemen December 2, 2023 (illustrative)

Activists petition Treasury Department to sanction charities that serve as terror proxies

A coalition of 45 organizations urged the US Treasury to follow suit of the 'Samidoun' sanction by sanctioning an additional six NGOs allegedly linked to terrorism, citing their ties to the PFLP.

 Samidoun poster calling for “Long Live October 7”

Why Iran-backed militias in Iraq are Tehran's most resilient proxies - analysis

It is the Iranian-controlled Iraqi militias (Popular Mobilization Forces, PMF or PMU) that may be the most difficult Iranian proxy to degrade.

 Supporters of the Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces offer condolences over the deaths of Iran’s president Ebrahim Raisi and others, outside the Iranian Embassy in Baghdad on May 20, 2024.

Documents captured from Hamas reveal Iran's complex weapons smuggling network

The smuggling routes to the West Bank had two routes: the first passed through Syria to Jordan; the second route began in Syria, through Lebanon, and then weapons were smuggled directly into Israel.

The embroidered flags of Lebanon, Israel, the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the Palestinian Authority (illustrative)

Will Iranian-backed militias in Iraq march to Syria? Orders awaited - analysis

Moving Iraqi militias into Syria would be Iran’s way of both preventing spillover and adding fuel to the fire.

 A member of Iraq's Kataib Hezbollah attends the funeral of a commander who was killed in a strike in the Syrian capital Damascus on Friday, September 22, 2024.